Below you will find links to the Unit 2 presentation slides and some web links.  The slides are in PDF format and can only be viewed if you have Adobe Reader installed on your computer.  If you do not have Adobe Reader you can download it by clicking on the image below.

Unit 2 Materials

•  Presentation Slides

• SOURCE MATERIAL FOR THE GROUP TOPICS  

• TOPIC 1:  DISCUSS THE CLAIM THAT GREGORY THE GREAT (590-604) IS THE “REAL FATHER OF THE MEDIEVAL PAPACY” (MILMAN)

The Book of Pastoral Rule, c.590 – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Bede:Gregory the Great- from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu    

The Papal Estates, c.600– from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Gregory I, An Activist Pope– from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Pope Gregory the Great and the Lombards (Paul the Deacon) – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

• TOPIC 2:  THE AIM OF THE FRANKISH RULERS, INCLUDING CHARLEMAGNE, WAS TO IMPOSE RIGHT ORDER IN SOCIETY AND IN THE CHURCH. 

Annals of Lorsch:The pope makes the Carolingians kings  – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

• Capitulary of Lestinnes:Appropriation of Church Property for Military Purposes, 743 – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu
  
  TOPIC 3:  DISCUSS THE REFORMS OF THE 9th – 12th CENTURIES, AND ASSESS THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ABBEY OF CLUNY (AD910)

Foundation Charter of Cluny, 910 – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu   Can usefully be contrasted with reform from later Councils such as the Second Council of Lyons, in 1274, from www.papalencyclicals.net/Councils   

• TOPIC 4:Popes and temporal rulers often came into acute conflict including during the period of the Investiture Controversy(1075-1122), the reign of Frederick II(d.1250), and the pontificate of Boniface VIII(1294-1303).   What were the causes of these conflicts, and do they reflect an underlying problem in the relationship between church and state?

Gregory VII, Dictatus Papae 1090 – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

The Investiture Controversy - Henry IV, letter to Gregory VII, Jan 24 1076;  Gregory VII:First Deposition and Banning of Henry IV,(Feb 22 1076);  The Concordat of Worms,1122, Privilege of Pope Calixtus II, Edict of Emperor Henry V, from www.hanover.edu

Frederick (r.1215-1250),Dispute with the Church,1245-1246, – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

William of Hundlehy:The Outrage at Anagni, 1303 - – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

• TOPIC 5:  Assess the causes of the Great Schism between East and West, and whether you believe it to be appropriately dated to 1054Liutprand of Cremona

Report of his Mission to Constantinople – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

• TOPIC 6:  DISCUSS THE CRUSADES BETWEEN 1095-C.1291, THEIR IMPACT AND ULTIMATE FAILURE

Introduction, The First Crusade, Crusades and Counter-Crusades, The Later Crusades, Additional Background, Crusading Vows and Privileges, Legacy, Paul Crawford – from www.the-orb.net/encyclop 

The Impact of the Crusades, Thomas Madden, from www.the-orb.net/encyclop 

Map:Dominion of the Saracens about AD750, from www.research.yale.edu

Maps:Second and Third Crusades;  Fourth and Later Crusades;  Jerusalem during the Crusades;  – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

• TOPIC 7:  WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO HAVE BEEN THE PRINCIPAL ACHIVEMENTS, AND PROBLEMS, OF THE CHURCH IN THE CENTURIES LEADING UP TO THE PONFIFICATE OF INNOCENT III (1198-1216)?

Bernard Gui on the Albigensians – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Bernard Gui, Inquisitorial Technique (c.1307-1323) – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Fourth Lateran Council – decrees, from www.piar.hu/councils;  some, including Canon 3 on Heresy,  from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

• TOPIC 8:Assess the importance for the church of the emergence of the mendicant orders, particularly the Franciscans and Dominicans Franciscan Order

Rule of the Franciscan Order, David Burr, from www.the–orb.net/encyclopThe Rule of St Augustine, from www.domcentral.org  

• TOPIC 9 : WHAT DAMAGE DID THE AVIGNON PAPACY, AND THE SCHISM OF THE WEST, DO TO THE AUTHORITY OF THE POPES?

Petrarch:Letter criticizing the Avignon Papacy – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Raimon de Cornet(14th cent. Troubadour):Poem criticizing the Avignon Papacy – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

• TOPIC 10:”THERE ARE THREE REALLY REMARKABLE COUNCILS IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY – COUNCILS OF A NEW KIND ALTOGETHER – THAT TOOK PLACE ALL WITHIN FORTY YEARS” (PHILIP HUGHES).   DISCUSS HUGHES’ CLAIM WITH REFERENCE TO THE COUNCILS OF PISA, CONSTANCE, BASLE/BASEL – FERRARA/FLORENCE

Council of Chalcedon, 451 – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Decree of the Council of Pisa,1409, On the Powers of the Council – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu

Council of Constance, 1414-1418, from www.papalencyclicals.net/Councils

Council of Constance, Frequens 1417, – from Medieval Sourcebook at www.fordham.edu  

SOME OTHER SOURCES AND MATERIAL

The Bull of Pope Adrian IV empowering Henry II to conquer Ireland, AD1155, from www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval  www.history-world.org/middle_ages  www.bbc.co.uk/history

There is also other useful and relevant material in the various websites already noted above under the topic headings.

DOCUMENTS ONLINE 

Confirmation by the Chapter of Glasgow of a gift of the Meadow Well in Deanside (Glasgow) by Robert (Wishart), bishop of Glasgow to the Friars Preachers of Glasgow, 1304  

www.fordham.edu/halsall

www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval

www.research.yale.edu

www.papalencyclicals.net

OTHER WEBSITES OF INTEREST

www.learningcurve.gov.uk            

www.nationalarchives.gov.uk (tutorials in handwriting and medieval Latin)

www.scottishhandwriting.com  (try reading various styles of handwriting from 16th – 18th centuries.   The site has online tutorials)

www.muse.jhu.edu/journals/the_innes_review  (for recent issues of the Journal of the Scottish Catholic Historical Association

GENERAL INFORMATION

www.cistercians.shef.ac.uk

www.history-world.org

www.the-orb.net

PRINTED BOOKS

Calendar of Scottish Supplications to Rome
1418-1422. 1423-28 .1428-1432; DUNLOP, ANNIE I. AND IAN B . COWAN

Vol. iv: 1433-1447. Edited by Annie I. Dunlop and David MacLauchlan. 1983

Vol. 5  1447-1471   James Kirk

Barraclough, G The Medieval Papacy (1968)

Black, A Council and Commune. The Conciliar Movement and
the Council of Basle, Burns & Oates, London, 1979

Duffy, Eamon Saints & Sinners. A History of the Popes, Yale Univ.
Press, 1997

Hughes, Philip A History of the Church Vols.2 & 3 (London, 1979)

Jedin, Hubert, Handbook of Church History, Volume III The
Church in the Age of Feudalism, by F. Kempf, H.G.
Beck, E. Ewig, & J.A. Jungmann, DLT, 1969

Handbook of Church History, Volume IV. From the
High Middle Ages to the Eve of the Reformation, by
H.G. Beck, K.A. Fink, J Glaznik, E. Iserloh, & H.
Wolter, DLT, London, 1970

Southern, R.W The Making of the Middle Ages, Hutchinson, London,
1967
Western Society and the Church in the Medieval West,
Penguin, London, 1970

Waley, D. Later Medieval Europe, 2nd edn., Longman, London,
1985